Apparatus and software for use in the field of production and post-production in television, cinematography and graphic arts namely computer hardware and software for use in colour gamut limiting, colour correction, black clamping, colour space conversion, compression pre-processing, spatial conversion, luma and chroma subsample conversion, temporal standards conversion, time stretch, time compression, video to film conversion, film to video conversion, frame rate conversion, slow motion film capture, stop frame animation capture, 3:2 pull down conversion, I frame to P frame conversion, frame rate decimation, film cadence repair, rogue field/frame repair, de-interlacing, re-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, digital video effects, noise reduction, image keying, image overlay, logo insertion, watermarking, character generation, character overlay, strap insertion, ticker insertion, time coding, insertion of captions and subtitles, image stabilization, dynamic range enhancement, dynamic range control, dynamic refraining, object recognition, object tracking, gain control, black level control, contrast control, gamma control, lift control, clipping, composite decoding, composite encoding, timebase correction, synchronization, lip sync processing, programme duration adjustment, frame offset, programme signature detection, programme genre detection, hash measurement, check sum measurement, audio extraction, multiplexing, demultiplexing, loudness control, graphic equalization, channel equalization, audio balancing, high pass filtering, low pass filtering, bandpass filtering, surround sound processing, noise generation, silence detection, test signal generation, speech to text conversion, text to speech conversion, dialogue enhancement, audio warping, sibilance removal, watermarking, encoding, decoding, video and audio editing and processing software for creating transitions, namely, cuts, fades and wipes, video and audio editing and processing software for VBI (Vertical Blanking Interval) processing, namely, extraction, insertion, blanking decoding and synthesis quality control, channel mapping, volume control, video and audio editing and processing systems, namely, computer hardware, video processors, video servers, routing switchers, switching matrices, computer software for the management, search, manual and automated control, and tracking of video, audio, image and metadata file based assets, computer software for the statistical and financial analysis of video, audio, image and metadata file based workflows, computer hardware, software and processors, namely, real-time manual and automated device controllers, status loggers, and alarms for video and audio processing and storage devices across local and wide area networks and parts and fittings for the foregoing; electronic networks hardware, namely, computer hardware, network adaptors, network switches, routers, hubs, modules namely, integrated circuit modules, circuit board modules, circuit boards, integrated circuits, and software all for use in the creation, management and delivery of terrestrial, cable, satellite, mobile, direct-to-home and Internet Protocol television and parts and fittings for the foregoing; apparatus and software for use in the field of production and post-production in television, cinematography and graphic arts namely, computer hardware and software for use in the archiving, artefact-removal, tracking video, audio, film and multi-media material and content, audio-embedding, audio de-embedding, broadcast, capture, channel branding, closed captioning, colour-correction, colour-processing, colour-timing, communication, compression-decoding, compression-encoding, compression transcoding, conversion, creation, cut-detection, delivery, de-spotting, dirt removal, dust removal, digital rights management, display-processing, display, distribution, dropout-compensation, editing, effect-generation, encryption, exhibition, frame sequence detection, film-to-video transfer, flicker-reduction, filtering, grain reduction, ingest, keying, logo-generation, management, mastering, motion compensation, motion-estimation, motion-measurement, motion prediction, noise reduction, packaging, picture-stabilisation, play-out, post production, production, proxy-handling, publishing, recording, re-purposing, restoration, retrieval, scene change detection, serializing, de-serializing, scratch concealment, shooting, storage, sub-titling, teletext processing, thumb-nailing, timebase-correction, transcoding, trans-rating, unsteadiness correction, watermarking, and weave-correction of television, video, audio, audio-visual, film and multimedia material and content, digital intermediates thereof, and metadata associated therewith and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer hardware namely graphic and video accelerators and parts and fittings for the foregoing; amplifiers namely, audio amplifiers, signal amplifiers, optical amplifiers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; apparatus for recording, transmission and reproduction of sound, video and images namely television digital recorders, DVD recorders and parts and fittings for the foregoing; aspect ratio-converters and parts and fittings for the foregoing; circuit boards and parts and fittings for the foregoing; colour correctors namely, computer hardware and circuit boards for adjusting the color quality of video, television and film and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer accelerator boards and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer graphics boards and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer graphics software and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer hardware and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer interface boards and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer network hubs, switches and routers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer software for use in the field of digital animation and special effects of images and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer software for use in the encryption and decryption of digital files, namely audio, video, text, binary, still images, graphics and multimedia files and parts and fittings for the foregoing; television and video converters and parts and fittings for the foregoing; data compression software for compression of audio and video signals and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video and audio encoders and parts and fittings for the foregoing; decoders namely, television decoders, compression decoders for decoding compressed video and audio signals, data decoders, namely, decoders for decoding metadata for video, audio and images and parts and fittings for the foregoing; demodulators and parts and fittings for the foregoing; multiplexers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; de-multiplexers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; digital signal processors and parts and fittings for the foregoing; digitizers namely, computer hardware and circuit boards for converting from analog signals to digital signals and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video display cards and parts and fittings for the foregoing ; video and audio distributors namely computer hardware for the distribution of video and audio signals by means of fibre optic cables and copper cables and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video and audio editors namely, computer hardware and circuit boards for the editing of video and audio content and parts and fittings for the foregoing; electronic coding units namely computer hardware for coding and decoding audio and video signals and parts and fittings for the foregoing; electronic control systems for machines namely electronic indicator panels, multiplexers, de-multiplexers, electronic controllers namely, controllers for electronically controlling video and audio processing and storage devices for use with television, film, video, image and audio signals and files and parts and fittings for the foregoing; electronic indicator panels and parts and fittings for the foregoing ; fibre optics cables and connectors and parts and fittings for the foregoing; integrated circuit modules and parts and fittings for the foregoing; integrated circuits and parts and fittings for the foregoing; logo generators namely computer hardware and video processors for the design and creation of logos and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video, audio and audiovisual mixers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video and audio signals monitors, namely computer hardware and software for monitoring video and audio signal frequency and their timecodes for use in TV broadcasting and for use in production and post-production activities in the television, cinematography and the graphic arts industries and parts and fittings for the foregoing; electronic noise reducers, namely, apparatus for reducing noise in television, film, video, image and audio signals and files and parts and fittings for the foregoing; receivers namely, video, television and satellite receivers and parts and fittings for the foregoing; signal processors and parts and fittings for the foregoing; software for processing images, graphics and text for use in production and postproduction activities in the television, cinematography and the graphic arts industries and parts and fittings for the foregoing; television video standards converters and parts and fittings for the foregoing; TV and video converters and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video servers for use in TV broadcasting and for use in production and post-production activities in the television, cinematography and the graphic arts industries and parts and fittings for the foregoing; video processors and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer hardware and software for the analyzing, converting, formatting, mapping, modifying, playing, processing, storing, synchronizing and transmitting of television, video, audio and film for television, cinematography and the graphic arts and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer hardware and software for the analyzing, automating, backing-up and restoring, controlling, disaster recovery, guiding, logging, managing measuring, monitoring, quality control, redundancy switching, securing, tracking, testing, and visualization of television, film, video, image and audio signals and files, for use in production and post-production activities in the television, cinematography and the graphic arts industries and parts and fittings for the foregoing; computer programs and computer software for receiving, recording, monitoring, storing, converting, editing, compositing, processing, mixing, manipulating, reproducing and transmitting images and image signals and audio signals for television, cinematography and the graphic arts and parts and fittings for the foregoing; integrated circuits, circuit boards, modules, spare parts, and sub assemblies for use with any of the foregoing in the field of television, cinematography and the graphic arts and parts and fittings for the foregoing.